Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 34(6): 1032–1039 (2009)  |  doi:10.1139/H09-101  |  Published by NRC Research Press / Publié par les Presses scientifiques du CNRC  

Serum uric acid is associated with metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the Uygur population

Nan F. Li, Hong M. Wang, Jin Yang, Ling Zhou, Xiao G. Yao, and Jing Hong

Abstract: The prevalence of hyperuricemia is low in Uygurs, who have a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, overweight–obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance (IR). This study sought to investigate the relationships between serum uric acid (UA) and these risk factors in this population. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Uygurs (859 males, 1268 females) aged 20 to 70 years. Demographic data, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), and fasting and postprandial blood were obtained, and biological measurements were determined. The mean of BMI, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and the prevalence of hypertension, IR, hyperglycemia, overweight–obesity, hypercholesteremia, hyper-LDL-c, and hypertriglyceridemia increased with UA but the prevalence of hypo-HDL-c decreased (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios for IR, overweight–obesity, hypercholesteremia, hyper-LDL-c, and hypertriglyceridemia against the lowest UA group increased but decreased for hypo-HDL-c (p < 0.05). The UA in the hypo-HDL-c group was lower than that of the controls; the prevalence of hypo-HDL-c in hyperuricemia subjects was lower than in those with normal UA (p < 0.05). But the opposite results were observed between overweight–obesity, hyperglycemia, IR, hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyper-LDL-c and correspondence controls, respectively (p < 0.05). In Uygur, elevated UA is associated with overweight–obesity, hypercholesteremia, hyper-LDL-c, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia, and IR. The HDL-c level significantly increases with UA, whereas the prevalence of hypo-HDL-c decreases. Further studies are needed to clarify why UA is positively correlated to HDL-c.

Key words: serum uric acid, overweight–obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hypertension.

Résumé : Chez les Uygurs, la prévalence d’hyperuricémie est faible tandis que la prévalence des facteurs de risque [hypertension, surpoids/obésité, dyslipémie, hyperglycémie, insulinorésistance (IR)] est élevée. Cette étude se propose d’analyser chez les Uygurs la relation entre le taux sérique d’acide urique (UA) et les facteurs de risque. L’étude, de nature transversale, porte sur 1268 femmes et 859 hommes âgés de 20 à 70 ans. On enregistre les données démographiques et on évalue les pressions systolique (SBP) et diastolique (DBP), l’indice de masse corporelle (BMI); de plus, on prélève des échantillons de sang en condition de jeûne et dans un état postprandial afin d’analyser la concentration des mesures biologiques choisies. Les moyennes respectives de BMI, des SBP et DBP, du cholestérol total, des lipoprotéines à haute densité (HDL-c), des lipoprotéines à faible densité (LDL-c), des triglycérides, du glucose sanguin à jeun, de l’insuline à jeun, du HOMA-IR et la prévalence de l’hypertension, de l’IR, de l’hyperglycémie, du surpoids–obésité, de l’hypercholestérolémie, de l’hyper-LDL-c et de l’hypertriglycéridémie augmentent avec la concentration d’UA, mais la prévalence de l’hypo-HDL-c diminue (p < 0,05). D’après l’analyse de régression logistique, les rapports des cotes de l’IR, du surpoids–obésité, de l’hypercholestérolémie, de l’hyper-LDL-c et de l’hypertriglycéridémie augmentent relativement au groupe présentant la plus faible concentration d’UA, mais diminuent en présence d’hypo-HDL-c (p < 0,05). Le taux d’UA dans le groupe présentant une hypo-HDL-c est plus faible que dans le groupe de contrôle; la prévalence de l’hypo-HDL-c chez les sujets hyperuricémiques est plus faible que chez les individus présentant un taux normal d’UA (p < 0,05). Néanmoins, on observe le contraire en ce qui concerne le surpoids–obésité, l’hyperglycémie, l’IR, l’hypercholestérolémie, l’hypertriglycéridémie en présence d’hyper-LDL-c comparativement aux valeurs du groupe de contrôle (p < 0,05). Chez les Uygurs, un taux élevé d’UA est associé au surpoids–obésité, à l’hypercholestérolémie, à l’hyper-LDL-c, à l’hypertriglycéridémie, à l’hyperglycémie et à l’IR. Le taux d’HDL-c augmente significativement avec le taux d’UA et la prévalence de l’hypo-HDL-c diminue. Il faut faire d’autres études pour établir pourquoi le taux d’UA est positivement associé au taux d’HDL-c.

Mots-clés : acide urique sérique, surpoids–obésité, dyslipémie, insulinorésistance, hyperglycémie, hypertension.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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